27th May Coup

Historical Significance and Background

A military coup took place in Turkey on May 27, 1960. This coup marked the end of Turkey's second multi-party period. During the period in which the coup took place, Turkey was experiencing significant political and social changes.

In the 1950s, Turkey transitioned to a multi-party system and the Democratic Party (DP) came to power. With the DP's rise to power, Turkey witnessed major economic and political changes. However, over time, the DP government faced criticism from the opposition and encountered some problems in the democratic process.

Development of the Event

Preparation for the Coup

The May 27 Coup was planned and executed by a group of military officers. Prior to the coup, the officers took into account the government's weaknesses in the democratic process and the complaints of the opposition. These officers made the necessary plans for the coup and took action.

Execution of the Coup

On the morning of May 27, 1960, military units in Turkey took action and carried out a coup against the government. Government officials were arrested and the National Unity Committee, led by Chief of General Staff Cemal Gürsel, took over. As a result of the coup, the leader of the Democratic Party, Adnan Menderes, and some ministers were executed.

New Era and Constitution Works

Following the coup, a new political era began in Turkey. The National Unity Committee took control of the country and began working on a new constitution. The new constitution, adopted in 1961, brought about significant changes in Turkey's political structure and established a democratic system in the country.

Consequences and Effects

The May 27 Coup brought about significant changes in Turkey's political and social structure. In the short term, the coup resulted in the overthrow of the government and the implementation of a new form of governance. In the long term, however, the effects of the coup were felt for many years.

As a result of the coup, Turkey entered a period of military tutelage, and the military bureaucracy had a significant influence on political decision-making processes. The country had to deal with political instability and political disputes for a long time.

Historical Significance and Reflections to the Present

The May 27 Coup is considered a turning point in Turkey's history. The coup drew attention to the weaknesses of democratic processes in Turkey and created a foundation for political reforms.

Today, the May 27 Coup is still a subject of debate. Studies on the effects and consequences of the coup have been an important source to understand and improve Turkey's democratic processes. Additionally, the historical significance of the coup is taken into account by individuals and institutions who believe in democracy.

The May 27 Coup is one of the significant events in Turkey's political history and a milestone that should be considered to understand Turkey's democratic processes.